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Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb.

Synonym	:	Artocarpus ponga Dennst.
Family	:	Moraceae
Local name	:	English - Thingam Malayalam - Irumbakam, Kambakam
Flowering and fruiting period	:	March-June
Distribution	:	Southern Western Ghats
Distribution in Kerala	:	All Districts
Habitat	:	Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, also in plains in sacred groves
IUCN Status	:	Vulnerable (VU)
Endemic/Exotic	:	Southern Western Ghats
Uses	:	Boiled bark and roots are used to cures inflammation of knees.
Key Botanical Characters : Evergreen trees, to 20 m high, bole fluted, bark dark grey. Leaves simple, alternate, ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong or ovate, base rounded, or obtuse, apex acute, glabrous, coriaceous; lateral nerves 5-10 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform. Flowers bisexual, yellowish-pink, in axillary unilateral drooping racemose panicles. Sepals 5 shortly united at base, ovate, glabrous, two outer sepals obtuse, larger than the 3 acute inner ones. Petals 5, 5-8 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, pubescent. Stamens 10 or 15, alternate filaments with two anthers; appendages of anthers filiform, 4 times longer than anthers. Ovary superior, puberulous above, 3-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; stylopodium glabrous; style short, subulate. Fruit a nut, ovoid; calyx lobes expanded to forms wings, dark red; 2 longer wings 5.5-10 x 1-1.5 cm, 8-nerved, 3 smaller ones unequal.